Consenso

← vista completa

Publicado el 1 de enero de 2009 | http://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2010.01.4318

Revisión de la literatura para el uso del ultrasonido (US) en cáncer de mama - indicaciones y requerimientos mínimos para asegurar la calidad del examen

Literature review for the use of ultrasound (US) in breast cancer - indications and minimum requirements to ensure the quality of the imaging exam

Eleonora Horvath, Marcela Uchida, María Cecilia Galleguillos, Carolina Behnke, Elisa Droguett, Moravia Silva, Miguel Angel Pinochet, Heriberto Wenzel, Alonso Inzulza, Claudia Merino, Shuhsing Chen

Esta obra de Medwave está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 3.0 Unported. Esta licencia permite el uso, distribución y reproducción del artículo en cualquier medio, siempre y cuando se otorgue el crédito correspondiente al autor del artículo y al medio en que se publica, en este caso, Medwave.

Autores

Eleonora Horvath

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Marcela Uchida

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

María Cecilia Galleguillos

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Carolina Behnke

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Elisa Droguett

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Moravia Silva

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Miguel Angel Pinochet

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Heriberto Wenzel

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Alonso Inzulza

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Claudia Merino

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Shuhsing Chen

Sociedad Chilena de Mastología

Figures

Article has no figures.

Foro

No hay mensajes

Historial

Citación Horvath E, Uchida M, Galleguillos MC, Behnke C, Droguett E, Silva Met al. Literature review for the use of ultrasound (US) in breast cancer - indications and minimum requirements to ensure the quality of the imaging exam. Medwave 2010;10(1):e4318 doi: 10.5867/medwave.2010.01.4318

Envío 29/07/2009

Aceptación 26/08/2009

Publicación 01/01/2010

Métricas

Vistas en HTML

150

Descargas en PDF

15

Total

165

% Descargas en PDF

10%

Ver detalle

Notas

Keywords

ultrasonido, cáncer de mama, calidad

Provenance and peer review

con revisión por pares externa

Referencias

  1. Orel S. Who should have breast magnetic resonance imaging evaluation? J Clin Oncol. 2008 Feb 10;26(5):703-11 | CrossRef | PubMed
  2. Alvarez S, Añorbe E, Alcorta P, López F, Alonso I, Cortés J. Role of sonography in the diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer: a systematic review. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 May;186(5):1342-8. | CrossRef | PubMed
  3. Athanasiou A, Tardivon A, Ollivier L, Thibault F, El Khoury C, Neuenschwander S. How to optimize breast ultrasound. Eur J Radiol. 2009 Jan;69(1):6-13. Epub 2008 Sep 24. | CrossRef | PubMed
  4. Azavedo E, Boné B. Imaging breasts with silicone implants. Eur Radiol. 1999;9(2):349-55. | CrossRef | PubMed
  5. Balu-Maestro C, Chapellier C, Ben Taaritt I, Fournol M. Voir les microcalcifications mammaires en échographie : luxe ou nécessite ? À propos de 50 cas. J Radiol. 2006 Dec;87(12 Pt 1):1849-58. | PubMed
  6. Beekman WH, Hage JJ, Taets van Amerongen AH, Mulder JW. Accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting failure of breast implants filled with silicone gel. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 1999 Dec;33(4):415-8. | CrossRef | PubMed
  7. Beran L, Liang W, Nims T, Paquelet J, Sickle-Santanello B. Correlation of targeted ultrasound with magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities of the breast. Am J Surg. 2005 Oct;190(4):592-4. | CrossRef | PubMed
  8. Berg WA, Gilbreath PL. Multicentric and multifocal cancer: whole-breast US in preoperative evaluation. Radiology. 2000 Jan;214(1):59-66. | PubMed
  9. Berg WA, Caskey CI, Hamper UM, Anderson ND, Chang BW, Sheth S, et al. Diagnosing breast implant rupture with MR imaging, US, and mammography. Radiographics. 1993 Nov;13(6):1323-36. | PubMed
  10. Berg WA, Blume JD, Cormack JB, Mendelson EB, Lehrer D, Böhm-Vélez M, et al. Combined screening with ultrasound and mammography vs mammography alone in women at elevated risk of breast cancer. JAMA. 2008 May 14;299(18):2151-63. | CrossRef | PubMed
  11. Berg WA, Gutierrez L, NessAiver MS, Carter WB, Bhargavan M, Lewis RS, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of mammography, clinical examination, US, and MR imaging in preoperative assessment of breast cancer. Radiology. 2004 Dec;233(3):830-49. Epub 2004 Oct 14. | CrossRef | PubMed
  12. Bock K, Hadji P, Ramaswamy A, Schmidt S, Duda VF. Rationale for a diagnostic chain in gestational breast tumor diagnosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2006 Mar;273(6):337-45. Epub 2005 Nov 26. | CrossRef | PubMed
  13. Bock K, Duda VF, Hadji P, Ramaswamy A, Schulz-Wendtland R, Klose KJ, et al. Pathologic breast conditions in childhood and adolescence: evaluation by sonographic diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Oct;24(10):1347-54; quiz 1356-7. | PubMed
  14. Brancato B, Bonardi R, Catarzi S, Iacconi C, Risso G, Taschini R, et al. Negligible advantages and excess costs of routine addition of breast ultrasonography to mammography in dense breasts. Tumori. 2007 Nov-Dec;93(6):562-6. | PubMed
  15. Buchberger W, DeKoekkoek-Doll P, Springer P, Obrist P, Dünser M. Incidental findings on sonography of the breast: clinical significance and diagnostic workup. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999 Oct;173(4):921-7. | PubMed
  16. American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine; American College of Radiology. AIUM standard for the performance of breast ultrasound examination. J Ultrasound Med. 2003 Jan;22(1):109-14. | PubMed
  17. Caskey CI, Berg WA, Anderson ND, Sheth S, Chang BW, Hamper UM. Breast implant rupture: diagnosis with US. Radiology. 1994 Mar;190(3):819-23. | PubMed
  18. Caskey CI, Berg WA, Hamper UM, Sheth S, Chang BW, Anderson ND. Imaging spectrum of extracapsular silicone: correlation of US, MR imaging, mammographic, and histopathologic findings. Radiographics. 1999 Oct;19 Spec No:S39-51; quiz S261-2. | PubMed
  19. Cawson JN. Can sonography be used to help differentiate between radial scars and breast cancers? Breast. 2005 Oct;14(5):352-9. Epub 2005 Apr 25. | CrossRef | PubMed
  20. Chen L, Chantra PK, Larsen LH, Barton P, Rohitopakarn M, Zhu EQ, et al. Imaging characteristics of malignant lesions of the male breast. Radiographics. 2006 Jul-Aug;26(4):993-1006. | CrossRef | PubMed
  21. Cheung YC, Wan YL, Chen SC, Lui KW, Ng SH, Yeow KM, et al. Sonographic evaluation of mammographically detected microcalcifications without a mass prior to stereotactic core needle biopsy. J Clin Ultrasound. 2002 Jul-Aug;30(6):323-31. | CrossRef | PubMed
  22. Choo KS, Kwak HS, Tae Bae Y, Lee JY, Lee SJ, Seo HI, et al. The value of a combination of wire localization and ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy for clustered microcalcifications. Breast. 2008 Dec;17(6):611-6. Epub 2008 Jul 24. | CrossRef | PubMed
  23. Chung EM, Cube R, Hall GJ, González C, Stocker JT, Glassman LM. From the archives of the AFIP: breast masses in children and adolescents: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2009 May-Jun;29(3):907-31. | CrossRef | PubMed
  24. Chung KC, Wilkins EG, Beil RJ Jr, Helvie MA, Ikeda DM, Oneal RM, et al. Diagnosis of silicone gel breast implant rupture by ultrasonography. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1996 Jan;97(1):104-9. | CrossRef | PubMed
  25. Cilotti A, Marini C, Iacconi C, Mazzotta D, Moretti M, Giaconi C, et al. Ultrasonographic appearance of breast implant complications. Ann Plast Surg. 2006 Mar;56(3):243-7. | CrossRef | PubMed
  26. Corsetti V, Ferrari A, Ghirardi M, Bergonzini R, Bellarosa S, Angelini O, et al. Role of ultrasonography in detecting mammographically occult breast carcinoma in women with dense breasts. Radiol Med. 2006 Apr;111(3):440-8. Epub 2006 Apr 11. | CrossRef | PubMed
  27. Corsetti V, Houssami N, Ferrari A, Ghirardi M, Bellarosa S, Angelini O, et al. Breast screening with ultrasound in women with mammography-negative dense breasts: evidence on incremental cancer detection and false positives, and associated cost. Eur J Cancer. 2008 Mar;44(4):539-44. Epub 2008 Feb 11. | CrossRef | PubMed
  28. Crystal P, Strano SD, Shcharynski S, Koretz MJ. Using sonography to screen women with mammographically dense breasts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003 Jul;181(1):177-82. | PubMed
  29. Deurloo EE, Peterse JL, Rutgers EJ, Besnard AP, Muller SH, Gilhuijs KG. Additional breast lesions in patients eligible for breast-conserving therapy by MRI: impact on preoperative management and potential benefit of computerised analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2005 Jul;41(10):1393-401. | CrossRef | PubMed
  30. Di Benedetto G, Cecchini S, Grassetti L, Baldassarre S, Valeri G, Leva L, et al. Comparative study of breast implant rupture using mammography, sonography, and magnetic resonance imaging: correlation with surgical findings. Breast J. 2008 Nov-Dec;14(6):532-7. | CrossRef | PubMed
  31. Duijm LE, Guit GL, Hendriks JH, Zaat JO, Mali WP. Value of breast imaging in women with painful breasts: observational follow up study. BMJ. 1998 Nov 28;317(7171):1492-5. | CrossRef | PubMed
  32. Erguvan-Dogan B, Whitman G. Breast Ultrasound MR Imaging Correlation. Ultrasound Clinics. 2006 Oct;1(4):593-601. | CrossRef | Link
  33. Everson LI, Parantainen H, Detlie T, Stillman AE, Olson PN, Landis G, et al. Diagnosis of breast implant rupture: imaging findings and relative efficacies of imaging techniques. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994 Jul;163(1):57-60. | PubMed
  34. Flobbe K, Bosch AM, Kessels AG, Beets GL, Nelemans PJ, von Meyenfeldt MF, et al. The additional diagnostic value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Arch Intern Med. 2003 May 26;163(10):1194-9. | CrossRef | PubMed
  35. Gallegillos MC, Horvath E, Pinochet MA, Uchida M, Wenzel H, González P, et al. Cánceres sólo detectados en la ultrasonografía mamaria. Rev Chil Ultrasonog. 2007; 10 (4): 116-121. | Link
  36. Ganott MA, Harris KM, Ilkhanipour ZS, Costa-Greco MA. Augmentation mammoplasty: normal and abnormal findings with mammography and US. Radiographics. 1992 Mar;12(2):281-95. | PubMed
  37. García CJ, Espinoza A, Dinamarca V, Navarro O, Daneman A, García H, et al. Breast US in children and adolescents. Radiographics. 2000 Nov-Dec;20(6):1605-12. | PubMed
  38. Goodman CM, Cohen V, Thornby J, Netscher D. The life span of silicone gel breast implants and a comparison of mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting implant rupture: a meta-analysis. Ann Plast Surg. 1998 Dec;41(6):577-85; discussion 585-6. | CrossRef | PubMed
  39. Gorczyca DP, DeBruhl ND, Ahn CY, Hoyt A, Sayre JW, Nudell P, et al. Silicone breast implant ruptures in an animal model: comparison of mammography, MR imaging, US, and CT. Radiology. 1994 Jan;190(1):227-32. | PubMed
  40. Gorczyca DP, Gorczyca SM, Gorczyca KL. The diagnosis of silicone breast implant rupture. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007 Dec;120(7 Suppl 1):49S-61S. | CrossRef | PubMed
  41. Greene T, Cocilovo C, Estabrook A, Chinitz L, Giuliano C, Rosenbaum Smith S, et al. A single institution review of new breast malignancies identified solely by sonography. J Am Coll Surg. 2006 Dec;203(6):894-8. Epub 2006 Oct 25. | CrossRef | PubMed
  42. Gufler H, Buitrago-Téllez CH, Madjar H, Allmann KH, Uhl M, Rohr-Reyes A. Ultrasound demonstration of mammographically detected microcalcifications. Acta Radiol. 2000 May;41(3):217-21. | CrossRef | PubMed
  43. Harris KM, Ganott MA, Shestak KC, Losken HW, Tobon H. Silicone implant rupture: detection with US. Radiology. 1993 Jun;187(3):761-8. | PubMed
  44. Harvey JA. Sonography of palpable breast masses. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2006 Aug;27(4):284-97. | CrossRef | PubMed
  45. Hashimoto BE, Kramer DJ, Picozzi VJ. High detection rate of breast ductal carcinoma in situ calcifications on mammographically directed high-resolution sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2001 May;20(5):501-8. | PubMed
  46. Heinig J, Witteler R, Schmitz R, Kiesel L, Steinhard J. Accuracy of classification of breast ultrasound findings based on criteria used for BI-RADS. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Sep;32(4):573-8. | CrossRef | PubMed
  47. Hogge JP, De Paredes ES, Magnant CM, Lage J. Imaging and Management of Breast Masses During Pregnancy and Lactation. Breast J. 1999 Jul;5(4):272-283. | CrossRef | PubMed
  48. Ikeda DM, Borofsky HB, Herfkens RJ, Sawyer-Glover AM, Birdwell RL, Glover GH. Silicone breast implant rupture: pitfalls of magnetic resonance imaging and relative efficacies of magnetic resonance, mammography, and ultrasound. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999 Dec;104(7):2054-62. | CrossRef | PubMed
  49. Kang DK, Jeon GS, Yim H, Jung YS. Diagnosis of the intraductal component of invasive breast cancer: assessment with mammography and sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2007 Nov;26(11):1587-600. | PubMed
  50. Kang SS, Ko EY, Han BK, Shin JH. Breast US in patients who had microcalcifications with low concern of malignancy on screening mammography. Eur J Radiol. 2008 Aug;67(2):285-91. Epub 2007 Aug 20. | CrossRef | PubMed
  51. Kanso H, Kazzi H, Menassa-Moussa L, Abi Khalil S, Ghosn M, Chahine G, et al. Value of US imaging following mastectomy. J Radiol. 2008 Sep;89(9 Pt 1):1077-80. | CrossRef | PubMed
  52. Kim EK, Ko KH, Oh KK, Kwak JY, You JK, Kim MJ, et al. Clinical application of the BI-RADS final assessment to breast sonography in conjunction with mammography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008 May;190(5):1209-15. | CrossRef | PubMed
  53. Kim SM, Park JM. Normal and abnormal US findings at the mastectomy site. Radiographics. 2004 Mar-Apr;24(2):357-65. | CrossRef | PubMed
  54. Kolb TM, Lichy J, Newhouse JH. Occult cancer in women with dense breasts: detection with screening US--diagnostic yield and tumor characteristics. Radiology. 1998 Apr;207(1):191-9. | PubMed
  55. Kolb TM, Lichy J, Newhouse JH. Comparison of the performance of screening mammography, physical examination, and breast US and evaluation of factors that influence them: an analysis of 27,825 patient evaluations. Radiology. 2002 Oct;225(1):165-75. | CrossRef | PubMed
  56. Kronemer KA, Rhee K, Siegel MJ, Sievert L, Hildebolt CF. Gray scale sonography of breast masses in adolescent girls. J Ultrasound Med. 2001 May;20(5):491-6; quiz 498. | PubMed
  57. LaTrenta LR, Menell JH, Morris EA, Abramson AF, Dershaw DD, Liberman L. Breast lesions detected with MR imaging: utility and histopathologic importance of identification with US. Radiology. 2003 Jun;227(3):856-61. | CrossRef | PubMed
  58. Leconte I, Feger C, Galant C, Berlière M, Berg BV, D'Hoore W, et al. Mammography and subsequent whole-breast sonography of nonpalpable breast cancers: the importance of radiologic breast density. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003 Jun;180(6):1675-9. | PubMed
  59. Leibman AJ, Kruse B. Breast cancer: mammographic and sonographic findings after augmentation mammoplasty. Radiology. 1990 Jan;174(1):195-8. | PubMed
  60. Lin G, Cheung C. Palpable Breast Cancers without Mammographic Mass: Ultrasonographic Findings with Core Needle Biopsy. Chin J Radiol. 2004 29: 231-37.
  61. Linda A, Zuiani C, Londero V, Bazzocchi M. Outcome of initially only magnetic resonance mammography-detected findings with and without correlate at second-look sonography: distribution according to patient history of breast cancer and lesion size. Breast. 2008 Feb;17(1):51-7. Epub 2007 Aug 20. | CrossRef | PubMed
  62. Londero V, Bazzocchi M, Del Frate C, Puglisi F, Di Loreto C, Francescutti G, et al. Locally advanced breast cancer: comparison of mammography, sonography and MR imaging in evaluation of residual disease in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eur Radiol. 2004 Aug;14(8):1371-9. Epub 2004 Feb 18. | CrossRef | PubMed
  63. Mathew J, Perkins GH, Stephens T, Middleton LP, Yang WT. Primary breast cancer in men: clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings in 57 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008 Dec;191(6):1631-9. | CrossRef | PubMed
  64. Moon WK, Noh DY, Im JG. Multifocal, multicentric, and contralateral breast cancers: bilateral whole-breast US in the preoperative evaluation of patients. Radiology. 2002 Aug;224(2):569-76. | CrossRef | PubMed
  65. Moon WK, Im JG, Koh YH, Noh DY, Park IA. US of mammographically detected clustered microcalcifications. Radiology. 2000 Dec;217(3):849-54. | PubMed
  66. Moy L, Slanetz PJ, Moore R, Satija S, Yeh ED, McCarthy KA, et al. Specificity of mammography and US in the evaluation of a palpable abnormality: retrospective review. Radiology. 2002 Oct;225(1):176-81. | CrossRef | PubMed
  67. Nagashima T, Hashimoto H, Oshida K, Nakano S, Tanabe N, Nikaido T, et al. Ultrasound Demonstration of Mammographically Detected Microcalcifications in Patients with Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast. Breast Cancer. 2005;12(3):216-20. | CrossRef | PubMed
  68. Nakahara H, Namba K, Watanabe R, Furusawa H, Matsu T, Akiyama F, et al. A comparison of MR imaging, galactography and ultrasonography in patients with nipple discharge. Breast Cancer. 2003;10(4):320-9. | CrossRef | PubMed
  69. Peters F, Diemer P, Mecks O, Behnken L LJ. Severity of mastalgia in relation to milk duct dilatation. Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jan;101(1):54-60. | CrossRef | PubMed
  70. Raza S, Chikarmane SA, Neilsen SS, Zorn LM, Birdwell RL. BI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 lesions: value of US in management--follow-up and outcome. Radiology. 2008 Sep;248(3):773-81. Epub 2008 Jul 22. | CrossRef | PubMed
  71. Rissanen T, Reinikainen H, Apaja-Sarkkinen M. Breast sonography in localizing the cause of nipple discharge: comparison with galactography in 52 patients. J Ultrasound Med. 2007 Aug;26(8):1031-9. | PubMed
  72. Romero C, Lombardía J, Almenar A, Calvo P, Fandiño E, Aso S, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of benign breast lesions during pregnancy. Radiologia. 2007 Jul-Aug;49(4):255-61. | CrossRef | PubMed
  73. Roubidoux MA, LeCarpentier GL, Fowlkes JB, Bartz B, Pai D, Gordon SP, et al. Sonographic evaluation of early-stage breast cancers that undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy. J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Jul;24(7):885-95. | PubMed
  74. Sabate JM, Clotet M, Torrubia S, Gomez A, Guerrero R, de las Heras P, et al. Radiologic evaluation of breast disorders related to pregnancy and lactation. Radiographics. 2007 Oct;27 Suppl 1:S101-24. | CrossRef | PubMed
  75. Samardar P, de Paredes ES, Grimes MM, Wilson JD. Focal asymmetric densities seen at mammography: US and pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2002 Jan-Feb;22(1):19-33. | PubMed
  76. Sim LS, Hendriks JH, Bult P, Fook-Chong SM. US correlation for MRI-detected breast lesions in women with familial risk of breast cancer. Clin Radiol. 2005 Jul;60(7):801-6. | CrossRef | PubMed
  77. Simpson WL Jr, Hermann G, Rausch DR, Sherman J, Feig SA, Bleiweiss IJ, et al. Ultrasound detection of nonpalpable mammographically occult malignancy. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2008 Apr;59(2):70-6. | PubMed
  78. Son EJ, Oh KK, Kim EK. Pregnancy-associated breast disease: radiologic features and diagnostic dilemmas. Yonsei Med J. 2006 Feb 28;47(1):34-42. | CrossRef | PubMed
  79. Soo MS, Rosen EL, Baker JA, Vo TT, Boyd BA. Negative predictive value of sonography with mammography in patients with palpable breast lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Nov;177(5):1167-70. | PubMed
  80. Soo MS, Baker JA, Rosen EL, Vo TT. Sonographically guided biopsy of suspicious microcalcifications of the breast: a pilot study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002 Apr;178(4):1007-15. | PubMed
  81. Soo MS, Baker JA, Rosen EL. Sonographic detection and sonographically guided biopsy of breast microcalcifications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003 Apr;180(4):941-8. | PubMed
  82. Sperber F, Metser U, Gat A, Shalmon A, Yaal-Hahoshen N. Focal asymmetric breast density: mammographic, sonographic and pathological correlation in 97 lesions--a call to restrain biopsies. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Oct;9(10):720-3. | PubMed
  83. Takei J, Tsunoda-Shimizu H, Kikuchi M, Kawasaki T, Yagata H, Tsugawa K, et al. Clinical implications of architectural distortion visualized by breast ultrasonography. Breast Cancer. 2009;16(2):132-5. Epub 2008 Dec 2. | CrossRef | PubMed
  84. Tardivon AA, Ollivier L, El Khoury C, Thibault F. Monitoring therapeutic efficacy in breast carcinomas. Eur Radiol. 2006 Nov;16(11):2549-58. Epub 2006 May 30. | CrossRef | PubMed
  85. Taylor KJ, Merritt C, Piccoli C, Schmidt R, Rouse G, Fornage B, et al. Ultrasound as a complement to mammography and breast examination to characterize breast masses. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2002 Jan;28(1):19-26. | CrossRef | PubMed
  86. Teifke A, Lehr HA, Vomweg TW, Hlawatsch A, Thelen M. Outcome analysis and rational management of enhancing lesions incidentally detected on contrast-enhanced MRI of the breast. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003 Sep;181(3):655-62. | PubMed
  87. Uchida K, Yamashita A, Kawase K, Kamiya K. Screening ultrasonography revealed 15% of mammographically occult breast cancers. Breast Cancer. 2008;15(2):165-8. Epub 2008 Jan 26. | CrossRef | PubMed
  88. Vercauteren LD, Kessels AG, van der Weijden T, Koster D, Severens JL, van Engelshoven JM, et al. Clinical impact of the use of additional ultrasonography in diagnostic breast imaging. Eur Radiol. 2008 Oct;18(10):2076-84. Epub 2008 Apr 23. | CrossRef | PubMed
  89. Wasser K, Schoeber C, Kraus-Tiefenbacher U, Bauer L, Brade J, Teubner J, et al. Early mammographic and sonographic findings after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost in patients with breast cancer. Eur Radiol. 2007 Jul;17(7):1865-74. Epub 2007 Jan 20. | CrossRef | PubMed
  90. Weinstein SP, Conant EF, Sehgal C. Technical advances in breast ultrasound imaging. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2006 Aug;27(4):273-83. | CrossRef | PubMed
  91. Welch ST, Babcock DS, Ballard ET. Sonography of pediatric male breast masses: gynecomastia and beyond. Pediatr Radiol. 2004 Dec;34(12):952-7. Epub 2004 Sep 17. | CrossRef | PubMed
  92. Wilkinson LS, Given-Wilson R, Hall T, Potts H, Sharma AK, Smith E. Increasing the diagnosis of multifocal primary breast cancer by the use of bilateral whole-breast ultrasound. Clin Radiol. 2005 May;60(5):573-8. | CrossRef | PubMed
  93. Wiratkapun C, Duke D, Nordmann AS, Lertsithichai P, Narra V, Barton PT, et al. Indeterminate or suspicious breast lesions detected initially with MR imaging: value of MRI-directed breast ultrasound. Acad Radiol. 2008 May;15(5):618-25. | CrossRef | PubMed
  94. Yang W, Dempsey PJ. Diagnostic breast ultrasound: current status and future directions. Radiol Clin North Am. 2007 Sep;45(5):845-61, vii. | CrossRef | PubMed
  95. Yang WT, Whitman GJ, Yuen EH, Tse GM, Stelling CB. Sonographic features of primary breast cancer in men. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Feb;176(2):413-6. | PubMed
  96. Yang WT, Suen M, Ahuja A, Metreweli C. In vivo demonstration of microcalcification in breast cancer using high resolution ultrasound. Br J Radiol. 1997 Jul;70(835):685-90. | PubMed
  97. Yeh E, Slanetz P, Kopans DB, Rafferty E, Georgian-Smith D, Moy L, et al. Prospective comparison of mammography, sonography, and MRI in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for palpable breast cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005 Mar;184(3):868-77. | PubMed
  98. Yilmaz MH, Esen G, Ayarcan Y, Aydoðan F, Ozgüroðlu M, Demir G, et al. The role of US and MR imaging in detecting local chest wall tumor recurrence after mastectomy. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2007 Mar;13(1):13-8. | PubMed
  99. Kronemer KA, Rhee K, Siegel MJ, Sievert L, Hildebolt CF. Gray scale sonography of breast masses in adolescent girls. J Ultrasound Med. 2001 May;20(5):491-6; quiz 498. | PubMed
  100. Kolb TM, Lichy J, Newhouse JH. Occult cancer in women with dense breasts: detection with screening US--diagnostic yield and tumor characteristics. Radiology. 1998 Apr;207(1):191-9. | PubMed
  101. Beran L, Liang W, Nims T, Paquelet J, Sickle-Santanello B. Correlation of targeted ultrasound with magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities of the breast. Am J Surg. 2005 Oct;190(4):592-4. | CrossRef | PubMed