Estudios originales

Published on 29 de diciembre de 2025 | http://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2025.11.3114

Health inequalities in post-COVID-19 Chile: Health system coverage and effective access by sex and migrant status

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Barriers to effective access to healthcare for adults aged 18 and over in Chile, 2022.
Did not express health needs due to barriers (n = 283 214)1
BarriersTotal n =283 214Sex analysis (n = 283 214)Migrant condition analysis (n = 283 214)Migrant and sex analysis (n = 29 914)
Female (n = 149 857) Male (n = 133 357)p valueMigrant (n = 29 914)Chilean ( n = 258 300 ) p value Female (n = 10 640 )Male (n = 14 274) p value
Did not consider it necessary and took no action.37.1 34.040.6 <0.001 46.836.10.00146.045.5< 0.001
Did not consider it necessary and took home remedies. 20.821.619.9 17.921.1 15.219.9
Decided to take usual medications. 14.115.1 13.19.2 14.611.4 7.6
Requested appointment time, but did not receive it4.25.32.90.54.50.50.4
Did not have time.3.7 3.34.16.53.47.3 6.0
Another reason.20.220.719.5 19.220.3 19.818.7
Had an appointment with barriers (n =893 875)2
BarriersTotal n=893 875Sex analysis (n=893 875)Migrant analysis (n=893 875) Migrant and sex analysis (n=131 150)
Female (n=535 314)Male (n=358 561)p valueMigrant (n=53 490) Chilean (n = 840 385)p value Female (n=32 622)Male (n=20 868)p value
Problems getting an appointment (yes)53.8 54.652.7< 0.00152.853.9< 0.001 49.058.7 < 0.001
Problems getting seen (yes) 53.152.853.6< 0.00150.0 53.3< 0.00150.948.7< 0.001
Problems paying for care (yes)25.525.825.0< 0.00125.425.50.8124.227.4< 0.001

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation.

1Main reason why the health need was not expressed. The results add up to 100%. 2 Reasons why the health need was not satisfied despite having been addressed. Each reason adds up to 100%.

Source: Prepared by the authors based on the study results.