The researcher is integrated into the observed reality, being one more of the group.

Intersubjectivity is favored, incorporating the experiences of the individuals being analyzed and the person conducting the study.

It aims to discover the meaning, dynamics, and processes of the events occurring in a social context from the participants' viewpoint.

- It may involve the loss of the researcher’s subjectivity since, by becoming involved, he/she may assume attitudes or behaviors that he/she may not entirely share [17].

The situation or group that is the object of analysis develops without the intervention or integration of the researcher.

The phenomenon under study is observed without directly influencing the behavior of the participating subjects.

The researcher attributes meaning to the reality studied by his referents without the participation of the social group under analysis [17].

A more rigid form of conducting an interview gives the researcher greater control over the situation and the topics to be addressed.

In essence, it can be a questionnaire the researcher administers [17].

The interviewer explicitly asks for the essential elements while at the same time providing flexibility to the participant to enrich the discussion from his or her perspective. It allows new questions to be added to the questionnaire if necessary.

In any case, the researcher directs the timing of the topics addressed in the conversation [18].

Explore topics of interest in depth.

Understand processes and identify potential causes of correlations observed in the research process [19].

Very useful for revealing/exploring knowledge, experiences, and attitudes [20].

They are usually subjects with experience in the problem or object of discussion and without excluding relationships of kinship or hierarchy.

It usually unfolds in a semi-directed style: the moderator guides the conversation.

The researcher must pay attention to the participants' speech and their expressions and attitudes [17].

The hallmark is that there must be group interaction to produce the data or ideas.

It is suggested that a group of people who do not know each other should be formed to favor free expression.

They generate debate since they reveal people’s meanings of some topics, generating diversity [21].

The aim is to have a group that allows a degree of discursive heterogeneity that is similar to everyday life [21].

Written elements include laws, government or ministerial programs, clinical guidelines, and key informant statements in newspapers, among many others.

Graphic resources such as videos, photographs, or news.